Trauma

Trauma: Dental trauma refers to injury to the teeth and/or peridontium  (Gum, PDL, Alveolar bone) and near by soft  tissues-  Lips, Tongue .

Etiology:

1)    Automobile injury/RTA.

2)    Sports related.

3)    Falling while running/fall from height.

4)    Tube well injury(in rural areas).

5)    Acts of  violence(blow during fight).

6)    Epilepsy.

7)    Drug abuse.

Incidence :

Most dental injuries occur during 1st two decades of life ages 8-12 yrs. Frequent dental injuries occur ages 2-3  years.  Boys  tends more than girls.  Maxillary  anterior > than mandibular.

Clasification  :  There are too many types like…

1.     Ingle’s classification

2.     Andreasen classification

3.     Elli’s & Davey’s classification

4.     Garcia & Godoy classification

I want to tell/ highlight WHO classification(1978)

1.     Enamel fracture.

2.     Crown fracture involving enamel, dentin without pulp.

3.     Crown fracture with pulp involvement.

4.     Root fracture.

5.     Crown-root fracture.

6.     Luxation.

7.     Intrusion /Extrusion.

8.     Avulsion.